Research with the Moving, the Vivacious Many
A Practical Poetry of Paces in More-Than-Human Worlds
Keywords:
More-than-human, multispecies methodologies, walking, animals, dog, donkeyAbstract
This paper addresses the methodological question of how researchers can meaningfully and ethically include non-human beings not only as research subjects or informants, but as active participants in the research process. Following a review of relevant existing more-than-human and multispecies methodologies, we recognise that non-human beings are already part of academia, yet their capacity to actively shape research remains largely unaccounted for. We engage Springgay and Truman’s (2018) practice of ‘walking-with’ as a methodological approach for bringing non-human beings into the research process, developing what we call ‘a practical poetry of paces’ as a contribution to this work. We illustrate its application in two different ‘fieldwalks’ – with a donkey in North Kenya and a dog on Canvey Island in the UK – focusing on the absences that can thus be made present, as well as the types of relational engagement this mode of conducting research engenders. We conclude with ethical considerations about the impossibility of dismantling power relations between human and non-human beings and its implications for the ethicality of conducting research with non-human collaborators.
References
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———. 2013. “Anthropology Beyond Humanity.” Suomen Antropologi: Journal of the Finnish Anthropological Society 38 (3): 5–23.
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———. 2000. “Thinking Cultural Questions in ‘Pure’ Literary Terms.” In Without Guarantees: In Honour of Stuart Hall, 335–58. London & New York: Verso.
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———. 2018. Another Science is Possible: A Manifesto for Slow Science. Heboken, New Jersey: Wiley.
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———. 2016. “Standing with and Speaking as Faith: A Feminist-Indigenous Approach to Inquiry.” Sources and Methods in Indigenous Studies 10 (2): 78–85.
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———. 2016. The Mushroom at the End of the World: On the Possibility of Life in Capitalist Ruins. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
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———. 2000. Metaphysics: Concept and Problems. Edited by Rolf Tiedemann. Translated by Edmund Jephcott. Cambridge: Polity Press.
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Buller, Henry. 2015. “Animal Geographies II: Methods.” Progress in Human Geography 39 (3): 374–84.
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Bawaka Country, Sarah Wright, Sandie Suchet-Pearson, Kate Lloyd,Laklak Burarrwanga, Ritjilili Ganambarr, Merrkiyawuy Ganambarr-Stubbs, Banbapuy Ganambarr, and Djawundil Maymuru. 2015. “Working with and Learning from Country: Decentring Human Author-Ity.” Cultural Geographies 22 (2): 269–83.
Bawaka Country, Sarah Wright, Sandie Suchet-Pearson, Kate Lloyd, Laklak Burarrwanga, Ritjilili Ganambarr, Merrkiyawuy Ganambarr-Stubbs, Banbapuy Ganambarr, Djawundil Maymuru, and Jill Sweeney. 2016. “Co-Becoming Bawaka: Towards a Relational Understanding of Place/Space.” Progress in Human Geography 40 (4): 455-75.
Emel, Jody, Chris Wilbert, and Jennifer Wolch. 2002. “Animal Geographies.” Society & Animals 10 (4): 407–12.
Emel, Jody, Connie L. Johnson, and Elisabeth (Lisa) Stoddard. 2015. “Livelier Livelihoods – Animal and Human Collaboration on the Farm.” In Critical Animal Geographies. Politics, Intersection, and Hierarchies in a Multispecies World, edited by Kathryn Gillespie and Rosemary-Claire Collard, 203–12. London & New York: Routledge.
Fielder, Brigitte. 2019. “Why Animal Studies Must Be Antiracist: A Conversation with Bénédicte Boisseron.” Edge Effects, March 2019.
Giblett, R. J. 1996. Postmodern Wetlands: Culture, History, Ecology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Gillespie, Kathryn, and Rosemary-Claire Collard. 2015. Critical Animal Geographies: Politics, Intersection, and Hierarchies in a Multispecies World. London & New York: Routledge.
Gooch, Pernille. 2008. “Feet Following Hooves.” In Ways of Walking – Ethnography and Practice on Foot, edited by Tim Ingold and Jo Lee Vergunst, 67–80. Aldershot, Burlington: Ashgate.
Guha-Majumdar, Jishnu. 2019. “Blackness and Animality beyond Recognition.” Qui Parle 28 (2): 373–89.
Haraway, Donna. 2008. When Species Meet. Minneapolis, London: University of Minnesota Press.
Hart, B. L. 1987. “Behavior of Sick Animals.” The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice 3 (2): 383–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0720(15)31159-2.
Hinchliffe, Steve, Matthew B. Kearnes, Monica Degen, and Sarah Whatmore. 2005. “Urban Wild Things: A Cosmopolitical Experiment.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 23 (5): 643–58.
Hitchings, Russell, and Verity Jones. 2004. “Living with Plants and the Exploration of Botanical Encounter within Human Geographic Research Practice.” Ethics, Place and Environment 7 (1–2): 3–18.
Hodgetts, Timothy, and Jamie Lorimer. 2015. “Methodologies for Animals’ Geographies: Cultures, Communication and Genomics.” Cultural Geographies 22 (2): 285–95.
Hurd, Barbara. 2001. Stirring the Mud: On Swamps, Bogs and Human Imagination. Boston & New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Ingold, Tim. 2007. Lines: A Brief History. London & New York: Routledge.
———. 2013. “Anthropology Beyond Humanity.” Suomen Antropologi: Journal of the Finnish Anthropological Society 38 (3): 5–23.
Ingold, Tim, and Jo Lee Vergunst. 2008. Ways of Walking: Ethnography and Practice on Foot. Edited by Tim Ingold and Jo Lee Vergunst. Hampshire, UK: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Johnson, Lindgren. 2018. Race Matters, Animal Matters: Fugitive Humanism in African America. New York: Routeledge.
Jones, Owain. 2010. “‘The Breath of the Moon’: The Rhythmic and Affective Time-Spaces of UK Tides.” In Geographies of Rhythm: Nature, Place, Mobilities and Bodies, edited by Tim Edensor, 189–203. Abingdon, UK; New York: Routledge.
Kirksey, S. Eben, and S. Helmreich. 2010. “The Emergence of Multispecies Ethnography.” Cultural Anthropology 25 (4): 545–76.
Ko, Aph, and Syl Ko. 2020. Aphro-Ism: Essays on Pop Culture, Feminism, and Black Veganism from Two Sisters. 2 [2017]. Brooklyn, NY: Lantern Publishing.
Kohn, Eduardo. 2013. “How Forests Think: Toward an Anthropology Beyond the Human.” University of California Press, 282.
Kontturi, Katve-Kaisa. 2018. Ways of Following: Art, Materiality, Collaboration. London: Open Humanities Press.
Kuokkanen, Rauna Johanna. 2007. Reshaping the University: Responsibility, Indigenous Epistemes, and the Logic of the Gift. Vancouver, Britich Columbia: UBC Press.
Lane, Karen. 2015. “Canine Connections: Fieldwork with a Dog as Research Assistant.” Anthropology in Action 22 (3): 27–38.
LCDA. 2015. “Investment Prospectus.” Nairobi. http://www.lapsset.go.ke/reports/.
Lorimer, Jamie. 2010. “Elephants as Companion Species: The Lively Biogeographies of Asian Elephant Conservation in Sri Lanka.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 35 (4): 491–506.
Lorimer, Jamie, and Krithika Srinivasan. 2013. “Animal Geographies.” In The Wiley- Blackwell Companion to Cultural Geography, edited by Nuala C. Johnson, Richard H. Schein, and Jamie Winders, 332–42. Wiley-Blackwell.
Maichomo, M. W., T. Karanja-Lumumba, M. O. Olum, J. Magero, T. Okech, and S.N. Nyoike. 2019. “The Status of Donkey Slaughter in Kenya and Its Implication on Community Livelihoods.” Kikuyu. http://www.kalro.org/sites/default/files/donkey-kalro-report-final-trade-crisis.pdf.
Malm, Andreas. 2018. The Progress of This Storm. Nature and Society in a Warming World. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. Vol. 53. London: Verso.
Matsutake Worlds. 2009. “A New Form of Collaboration in Cultural Anthropology: Matsutake Worlds.” American Ethnologist 36 (2): 380–403.
Messent, P. R. 1983. “A Review of Recent Developments in Human-Companion Animal Studies.” California Veterinarian.
Neimanis, Astrida, and Perdita Phillips. 2019. “Postcards from the Underground.” Journal of Public Pedagogies 4 (127–139).
Newbigin, M. I. 1913. Animal Geography: The Faunas of the Natural Regions of the Globe. Oxford: Clarendon.
Oliver, Mary. 2012. A Thousand Mornings. New York: Penguin Press.
Pearsall, Judy, ed. 2002. Concise Oxford English Dictionary. 10th, revi ed. New York: Oxford University Press Inc.
Pitt, Hannah. 2015. “On Showing and Being Shown Plants: A Guide to Methods for More- than-Human Geography.” Area 47 (1): 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/area.12145.
Potouroglou, Maria. 2016. “Assessing the Role of Intertidal Seagrasses as Coastal Carbon Sinks in Scotland.” Edinburgh Napier University.
Ritvo, Harriet. 2007. "On the Animal Turn." Deadalus 136: 118-22
Smart, Alan. 2014. “Critical Perspectives on Multispecies Ethnography.” Critique of Anthropology 34 (1): 3–7.
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. 1988. “Can the Subaltern Speak?” In Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, edited by C. Nelson and L. Grossberg, 271–313. Basingstoke: Macmillan Education.
———. 2000. “Thinking Cultural Questions in ‘Pure’ Literary Terms.” In Without Guarantees: In Honour of Stuart Hall, 335–58. London & New York: Verso.
Springgay, Stephanie, and Sarah E. Truman. 2018. Walking Methodologies in a More-than- Human World: WalkingLab. Walking Methodologies in a More-than-Human World WalkingLab.
Stengers, Isabelle. 2005. "The Cosmopolitical Proposal". In Making Things Public, 994-1003. Cambridge, Massechussetts: MIT Press.
———. 2018. Another Science is Possible: A Manifesto for Slow Science. Heboken, New Jersey: Wiley.
Sundberg, Juanita. 2015. "Ethics, Entanglement and Political Ecology." In The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology, edited by Tom Perreault, Gavin Bridge, and James McCarthy, 117-26. London and New York: Routledge.
TallBear, Kim. 2011. “Why Interspecies Thinking Needs Indigenous Standpoints.”
Fieldsights, no. November 18. https://culanth.org/fieldsights/why-interspecies- thinking-needs-indigenous-standpoints.
———. 2016. “Standing with and Speaking as Faith: A Feminist-Indigenous Approach to Inquiry.” Sources and Methods in Indigenous Studies 10 (2): 78–85.
Todd, Zoe. 2016. “An Indigenous Feminist’s Take On The Ontological Turn: ‘Ontology’Is Just Another Word For Colonialism.” Journal of Historical Sociology 29 (1): 4–22.
Tsing, Anna Lowenhaupt. 2005. Friction - An Ethnography of Global Connections. Princeton, Woodstock: Princeton University Press.
———. 2016. The Mushroom at the End of the World: On the Possibility of Life in Capitalist Ruins. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Tuana, Nancy. 2008. “Viscous Porosity: Witnessing Katrina.” In Material Feminisms, editedby Stacy Alaimo and Susan Hekman, 188–213. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. https://doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.47.2.09.
Weil, Kari. 2010. “A Report on the Animal Turn.” Differences 21 (2): 1–23.
Whatmore, Sarah, and Lorraine Thorne. 2000. “Elephants on the Move: Spatial Formations of Wildlife Exchange.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 18 (2): 185–203.
White, Hayden. 1971. “The Culture of Criticism.” In Liberations: New Essays on the Humanities in Revolution, edited by Ihab Hassan. Middleton: WEsleyan University Press.
Wood, Lisa J., Billie Giles-Corti, Max K. Bulsara, and Darcy A. Bosch. 2007. “More than a Furry Companion: The Ripple Effect of Companion Animals on Neighborhood Interactions and Sense of Community.” Society and Animals 15 (1): 43–56.
Wylie, J. 2005. “A Single Day’s Walking: Narrating Self and Landscape on the South West Coast Path.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series 30 (2): 234–47.
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Published
2022-03-03
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Aalders, J. T., & Monson, K. (2022). Research with the Moving, the Vivacious Many: A Practical Poetry of Paces in More-Than-Human Worlds. ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, 21(2), 205–225. Retrieved from https://acme-journal.org/index.php/acme/article/view/2022
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Special Issue - Ethics of Multispecies Research
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